Block+B+Journal+Ashlee+Reem

__**2/19**__ From the reading legacy lingers on, I found it that author focused on the effect of Confucianism history to women. Since the main object of the article was to represent the effects, in other words, loss of right and surplus adding of repression towards women' position, I found it often that author slightly exaggerated. However, after all, there were a lot of examples that persuaded the reader to believe the aftermath of Confucianism society. For example, nowadays, the family rituals or events are mostly controlled by the male households where you find female family members doing works relating to cooking and preparing. Because of the Confucius ideas and the influences that spread through the society of Korea, there are set rules and behavior that women should live accordingly to. Women always have to be conservative about themselves and they should act accordingly to what men demands. Thereafter, I believe that some points of the reading is exaggerated but other parts are true.
 * Please take a couple of minutes to respond to the reading. What stood out for you? What do you think of it, is it exaggerated?**

The pooh is simple minded and follows the "uncarved block." Because he thinks things in a simple way and not worry about every thing that might result in, sometimes things work better for him. Pooh tells how less thinking and analysis of things might eventually help with better ending. Basically Pooh represents the Taoism and simplicity. Piglet is similar to pooh. He always asks about everything and has curiosity towards things he sees. However, he is scared to make any decision so he is not completely the representation of Taoism. Rabbit just represents the scholarly knowledge and smartness. He has a good knowledge about everything. Owl represents the Confucianism because he is very smart. He always learns things indirectly by reading books, but doesn't necessarily know how to apply those in their real life. To build up a basic image of each characters, Piglet and Pooh, Pooh is a straight forwardly Taoist and Piglet is just a character with a lot of doubts towards the things that he is about to experience.
 * __2/23__**
 * If Rabbit is too smart for his own good, Owl is the Brain, and the piglet and Pooh?**

 __**2/26**__ Ruling by inaction means to just reflect on what is happening instead of causing, or using the power. It will work in the society because not all people have ability to make a good and wise choices and judgments. However, it is not possible in our modern society because people will be hard to follow the ruler because the ruler does not seem to have enough power to rule over people. It is better to have a force within the people then to let people do whatever they want to do. In the modern society, the reality is that people all want to have some sort of power and they have a goal to accomplish by stepping further more then their limits. However, if ruler is supposed to rule by inaction and not put on a pressure on his subjects, then his subjects would be trapped in to chaotic situations and the society would be filled with disorder and ambitions towards the certain positions and values. To prevent form this happening, rather than ruling by inaction, ruler should make a certain way and he should be the one who is leading the society. Thus, it is not possible for rulers to rule the society by inaction.
 *  The Tao says that the ruler should "rule by inaction" How do you make sense of this? Is it at all possible?**

Right mindfulness is understanding the truth about the universal suffering and seeing the world as it is, not as one wants to it to be. Right concentration is focusing on objects or concepts as part of meditation to develop further personally. I see right concentration as a thing that I can apply in every day or daily life because as you concentrate more on the right thing for the right purpose, things get solved out more accurately and better than not concentrating on the things you do. Also, right mindfulness is practiced daily when people accept things as they are and not try to change it. I see how this can be applied to the daily routine of our lives, because those two things are almost a way that can lead us to end up in positive aspects of results every day. It is the practice that we can do it in order to keep our lives settled.
 * __3/11__**
 * Explain right mindfulness and right concentration. Do you see how you could apply this to your daily life? Why or why not?**

__**4/2**__ This quote shows that British Professor thought that Japan had developed in incredible speed, extremely rapidly. It shows how Japan adapted Western Culture and blended in with their original culture. By adopting the new technology and skills of West, Japan came to create a new form of culture and developed, strong nation. Unlike the surrounding nation, Korea, Japan was prior to adapting Western style. A lot of changes such as new form of education creation, increase of taxes, rise of meiji reformers, and the reform or power and class structure. The original organization of government system was feudalism in Japan, but later on since the nation started to get influenced by West, the system of Feudalism was abolished.
 * In describing Japanese development, a British Professor in 1873 declared that he felt 400 years old by the end of the century. Explain the historical context behind this quote.**

**4/13 What do you find most shocking about what you have read so far? How do make sense of such cruelty?** So far from the subjects that I read in the book "Rape of Nanking," the most shocking part that I read was where the Japanese soldiers killed innocent citizens by invading into the Nanking. I don't understand why they had to kill the people who weren't even the soldiers and while it was so obvious that the people on the street was not even close to look like a soldier. Another part that I was shocked about reading this book was where Japanese soldiers believed that raping women would help them to gain power and strength to win the war and battles. I can not believe what kind of human or a live being can do things such as that and not feel guilt about it. They also produced a large mass of prostitution through the war colonies and that to me was just shocking and unacceptable.

 ** 4/28 Do you think it was safer to be a communist or anti-communist during the Korean War? B and C only** I think it was safer to be a anti-communist during the Korean war because US supported South Korea and in the end when the war ends, the society with anti-communist government is better to live than a society with communist government. However, I believe that at that moment, neither side was safer to be during the Korean War because anyone who was against the communist for North Korea was accused of being a spy and same applied to South Korea too. After all, i think both sides were equally dangerous and hard to survive during the Korean War.


 ** 4/30 Do countries have an obligation to compensate each other for injustices done in time of war?** I believe that countries have an obligation to compensate each other for injustices done in time of war because after all, each countries were a part of participant of the war, and they have done something that is negative to other nations. Each countries that were involved in the war should pay the cost of what they ruined or what they did during the War. Also, even though they were just a spectator or a part of the ally of the country that is primarily in the participation of the war, those countries still have an obligation to compensate each other for injustices done in time of war. If someone says something and that become proper or a norm, they own an apology to other countries that they were injustice of. However, in the normal war, the duty of the nations are to kill people and win the war, but something improper to the situation should be apologized and compensate each other for injustices done in time of war.

All American intelligence agencies concluded that China would not come into the war. The wrote that Chinese probably genuinely fear an invasion of Manchuria and that they would seek to establish a cordon sanitaire for border security regardless of the increased risk of general war. The media in America said that in terms of the march to the Talu, it is incapable of judging Chinese intentions. It was incredible for China to feel threatened by a free and united Korea. The editorial lauded American forces for refusing "to be deterred by Chinese Communist threats." Chinese would not tolerate a march to the Yalu. China did not enter the war as a defensive measure to protect its border, rather that Mao determined early in the war that if the North Koreans faltered, China had an obligation to come to their aid because of the sacrifice of so many Koreans in the Chinese revolution and the anti-Japanese resistance. The KPA was no longer capable of an organized defense. Within a few days, however, fresh newly equipped North Korean troops struck the UN front lines savagely, with tanks and air support; ROKA units went relling back is disarray. 5/8 Explain the meaning of "Shattered Faith" how does it relate to the story? ** The meaning of Shater Faith is the shattered hope and trusts of future that every situation would turn out better. She always believed in Christianity and acted upon the behavior of what Christian should supposed to do. However, at the end when she loses contact with her son and thought that her son was dead, she did not act upon what Christians should act like, but just let her behavior become bad and wrong. She didn't have any motivation of her life and she just lived each day just without any intentions and motivation to care about others nor her self. However, at the end, she doesn't completely lose her faith in the religion because when she goes to America, she quotes a line from the bible. It also shows how the things she believed that it would turn good didn't turn out the way she thought it would be.
 * 5/7/09 What did the U.S have to consider in regards to China and the Yalu River? According to the reading, what was the reason China entered the war? What effect did Chinese intervention have on the US, ROK, and UN troops?**
 * 

5/26
 * Explain what the main ideas of the last few paragraphs are; evaluate Biao's reasons for the revolution. Does his argument sense? Is it reasonable?**

The main ideas of the last few paragraphs are basically Lin Biao stating about the reasons for the revolution. He says that there are people hoping to be restored to rule, and achieve a counterrevolutionary coup. He is saying that if those people succeed to achieve the power and what they aimed for, then the mass would occur and the society would retrogress back to the chaotic period. He says that people need to go for them and strike them, and if its not happened, then they will attack. He says that new changes will bring society to further develop both economically and politically. Fearing chaos will bring errors. He criticizes the Liu-Deng line because they only believe in themselves. He and Mao has faith in the masses, and adopt a correct attitude toward the deviations and mistakes that may occur in their work, and says they will be able to rectify them. Following Mao's message and beliefs will lead nation to be stronger and firm. Young generations are the new hope because they are adapted to accepting new changes. His argument does provide the thesis of his belief in progressing cultural revolution but there is no accurate or strong evidence that supports his thesis. For example, he said that social constiousness should catch up with developing economy. He's thesis is clear but there is no specific reason or way why people's thoughts should catch up to make a better economy. Also, he's argument seemed partly biased to praise Mao and his thoughts seemed shifted too much to Mao's ideas. He seemed like he was brainwashing citizens to follow Mao and get rid of reactionists.

6/02/09 a) 16 points - launch a change in manipulative society - criticized the capitalistic and old thoughts of the society - wanted to combine country and city side together - working class
 * Notes from the docs**
 * written by Chinese government
 * Chinese government is able to manipulate society in every aspects including education and expectations

b) Title changes the summer of 1966 - ppl's reaction towards Mao - ppl began to become more involved -became Red Guards - Chinese Communist Party propaganda - radical movement - students work as an employee - slogans, songs, Gong sounds - Red Guards blocked all the doors with posters - threatened storekeepers to become a Red Gaurds - More people turned to Mao - specific usage of propaganda - cult of personality of Mao - used it to make people only consider about Maso and the good sides
 * describes the first few week of revolution in Shanghai during 1966
 * purpose is to inform ppl about what was going on
 * main pts
 * took place indoors
 * climax when people were very convinced
 * Anti- Revolution
 * effect
 * significance
 * Inferences

d) Reactions to Mao - expresses feelings when he first sees Mao - glad to actually see him - becomes more devoted - asking reasons for his decisions - criticizes and questions - shows not everyone was devoted to Mao - sent to prison for life because he was a counter revolutionary
 * 1966 by Bei Junior, 26 years old middle school teacher
 * suicides because he is labeled as counter revolutionary
 * written by 19 years old student

e) Red Guards smashed the four olds - beginning of the cultural revolution - enforce importance of having revolutionary spirits - encourage people to become Red Guards - destroy old ideologies; cultures and customs - promote Mao by going against bourgeoisie - carry and study Red Book - require to have pictures and quotations of Mao at home - Newspaper had to print Mao's thought - younger generation - visions for China becoming strong in the world - students were educated for that purpose
 * Red Guards wrote at Beijing middle school
 * plan of what people need to do to spread Mao's ideas
 * shows how radical students were

//What kind of conclusions can you draw about the cultural revolution?// The Red Guards posted Daozibaos every where to humiliate the counter - revolutionaries. People who were from different backgrounds or who were at a different status from others were publicly humiliated in front of all of the other citizens. I can see the severeness of how they were punished of being labeled as a counter-revolutionaries. They had to wear the long hat and hold the daozhibaos they criticizes themselves.
 * Responding to Images**

//Which of these demonstrate "smashing the four olds"?// - The image of people destroying the statue of Buddha and Confucius demonstrate the smashing the four olds because it represents smashing the old religion.

__Questions on Reflections on the Cultural Revolution pages 82-84__** 1) When was this document written and by whom? This document was written by CCP Central Committee on June 27, 1981, about 5 years after the Cultural Revolution ended.
 * 6/4

2) According to the document, who was largely to blame for the excesses and mistakes of the Cultural Revolution? According to the document, The party, the state, and people since the founding of the People's Republic are responsible for the mistakes. Lin Biao, Jiang Qing and the others was largely to blame for the excesses and mistakes of the Cultural Revolution. They were placed in important positions by Comrade Mao Zedong, he matter is of an entirely different nature. They took advantage of their powers and positions. They rigged up two counterrevolutionary cliques in an attempt to seize supreme power and taking advantage of Comrade Mao Zedong's errors, committed many crimes behind his back, bringing disaster to the country and people.

3) What errors does the CCP believe Mao was responsible for? CCP believed that Mao's theses, that many representatives of the bourgeoisie and counterrevolutionary revisionists had snaked into the Party, the government, the army, and cultural circles, and leadership in the hand of Marxists and the people; that Party-persons in power taking the capitalist road had formed a bourgeois headquarters inside the Central Committee was error. Also, Lian Biao and Jiang Qing went behind Mao's back, but they could still have power because of Mao. Selecting those people and placing them in important positions was his another error.

4) Who seems most responsible according to the document? How does this play into the memory of Mao as a leader and his Cult of Personality? Although Mao led the clan including Lin Biao and Jian Qing, but the ones most responsible for causing the negative effects according to the document is the "Gang of Four." This shows how Mao, even though he initiated everything for the cultural revolution, he is still represented as a good leader and blamed less for the losses. The Cult of Personality of Mao played a role in representing Mao as a efficient leader and covered up his mistakes.

5) What does the CCP believe the consequences of the Cultural Revolution are? (4 of them) each person in your group read one, and explain it to others

1. The CCP believed the consequence of the Cultural Revolution is the negation of many correct principles, policies and achievements. The Revolution was basically made to tear down everything that were right set up by the socialist, central committee, the people's government and even Mao's own contribution.

2. CCP believe the consequence of the Cultural Revolution is that the confusing of right and wrong led to confusing the people with the enemy. The capitalist roaders were leading cadres of the Party and government organizations at all levels. They caused the core force of socialist cause. Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping did not exist. Lin Biao and Jiang Qing was framed as a hidden traitor. The criticism of the reactionary academic authorities in the cultural revolution during which many capable and accomplished intellectuals were attacked and also badly muddled up the distinction between the people and the enemy.

3. The CCP believed that the cultural revolution was conducted by relying on the masses. After the cultural revolution had started, the organizations of party were attacked and paralyzed by the many large numbers of the basic masses which the party relied on. It was all rejected.

4. The CCP believes that the Cultural Revolution could not come up with nay constructive program but could only bring grave disorder, damage, and retrogression, which would ultimately return China to its poor past. However, some progress was made in China's economy despite its losses; this included grain output increased relatively, and acheivements were made in technology, industry, communications, science, and capital construction. Despite all this, in teh document it states that without the Cultural Revolution, the Chiense would have scored far greater acheivements. The CCP mentions how they had suffered from the sabatoge by the coutnerrevolutionary Lin Biao and Jiang Qing during the Cultural Revolution. along with this the CCPP also states that the Party, the people's political power, the people's army, and Chiense society remained unchanged. They conclude that their people are great and it is the Party along with its socialist system that brings liveliness to China.

6) Why do you think the document mentions achievements made by China during the Cultural Revolution? I think the document mentions achievements made by China during the Cultural Revolution because it has to cover up what Mao Zedong did wrong and how he made mistakes during the Revolution. By giving all the good sides of the achievements made by China and blaming the faults to people like Lin Biao and Jian Qing, it makes Mao Zedong look more responsible and innocent. The idea of cult of personality applies to this document as well.

7) Describe the tone at the end of the document. Why do you think it ends this way? The tone at the end of document is very positive and it shows the pride of the nation. I think that the document ends this way with the positive tone because the government had to cover up their mistakes and make people believe in only good side of China. If the document ended the thesis with a negative tone, then the people reading the document would think that China has already failled and has no hope for the future. However, by saying " Once again, history has proved that our people are a great people and that our Party and teh socialist system have enormous vitality," the document makes sures that the writing gives a pride and good impression of China and the government.